High-Resolution Raman Microscopy Enhances Biological Imaging
Advancing our understanding of molecular and cellular behavior is crucial for the progress of medicine. This ongoing pursuit has driven the need for clear imaging techniques that capture phenomena beyond the capabilities of the naked eye. In a study published in Science Advances, researchers from Osaka University introduced a new method for obtaining high-resolution Raman microscopy images.
Raman microscopy is a valuable tool for imaging biological samples as it provides chemical insights into specific molecules, such as proteins, involved in bodily functions. However, the Raman signal from biological samples is typically weak, often overwhelmed by background noise, which results in unclear images.
To address this, the researchers developed a microscope capable of maintaining the temperature of previously frozen samples during imaging. This innovation enabled them to produce images that are up to eight times brighter than those achieved with traditional Raman microscopy techniques.
Lead author Kenta Mizushima explains, "One of the main reasons for blurry images is the motion of the things you're trying to look at. By imaging frozen samples that were unable to move, we could use longer exposure times without damaging the samples. This led to high signals compared to the background, high resolution, and larger fields of view." The technique does not require staining or chemicals to fix the cells in position, providing a more accurate representation of biological processes and cell behavior.
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The team also confirmed that the freezing process preserved the physicochemical states of different proteins, offering an advantage over chemical fixation methods, which often fail to maintain these delicate conditions.
"Raman microscopy adds a complementary option to the imaging toolbox," says senior author Katsumasa Fujita. "The fact that it not only provides cell images, but also reveals the distribution and chemical states of molecules, is invaluable as we strive to achieve the most detailed understanding."
This new technique can be integrated with other microscopy methods for comprehensive biological analysis and is expected to have broad applications in fields such as medicine and pharmaceuticals.